Free Access
Issue
Environ. Biosafety Res.
Volume 8, Number 2, April-June 2009
Page(s) 113 - 119
DOI https://doi.org/10.1051/ebr/2009015
Published online 22 October 2009
  • Abbott WS (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide. J. Econ. Entomol. 18: 266–267 [Google Scholar]
  • Bosch D, Visser B, Stiekema WJ (1994) Analysis of non-active engineered Bacillus thuringiensis crystal proteins. FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 118: 129–134 [Google Scholar]
  • Bradford M (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye-binding. Anal. Biochem. 72: 248–254 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  • Brookes G, Barfoot P (2008) GM crops: global socio-economic and environmental impacts 1996–2006. PG Economics Ltd, UK, 20 p [Google Scholar]
  • Chaufaux J, Segui M, Swanson JJ, Bourguet D, Siegfried BD (2001) Chronic exposure of the European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Cry1Ab Bacillus thuringiensis protein. J. Econ. Entomol. 94: 1564–1570 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Crespo ALB, Spencer AT, Nelk E, Pusztai-Carey M, Moar JW, Siegfried BD (2008) Comparison and validation of methods to quantify Cry1Ab protein from Bacillus thuringiensis for standardization of insect bioassays. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 74: 130–135 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • De Maagd RA, Kwa MSG, Van der Klei H, Yamamoto T, Schipper B, Vlak JM, Stiekema WJ, Bosch D (1996) Domain III substitution in Bacillus thuringiensis Delta-Endotoxin Cry1A(b) results in superior toxicity for Spodoptera exigua and altered membrane protein recognition. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 65: 1537–1543 [Google Scholar]
  • EPA (1998) The Environmental Protection Agency's White Paper on Bt Plant-pesticide resistance management. US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA [Google Scholar]
  • Farinós GP, de la Poza M, Hernández-Crespo P, Ortego F, Castañera P (2004) Resistance monitoring of field populations of the corn borers Sesamia nonagrioides and Ostrinia nubilalis after 5 years of Bt maize cultivation in Spain. Entomol. Exp. Appl. 110: 23–30 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
  • Gonzáles-Núñez M, Otergo F, Castañera P (2000) Susceptibility of Spanish populations of the corn borers Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptara: Noctuidae) and Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to a Bacillus thuringiensis endoprotein. J. Econ. Entomol. 93: 459–463 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Gould F (1998) Sustainability of transgenic insecticidal cultivars: Intergrating pest genetics and ecology. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 43: 701–726 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Höfte H, de Greve H, Seurinck J, Jansens S, Mahillon J, Ampe C, Vandekerckhove J, Vanderbruggen H, van Montagu M, Zabeau M, Vaek M (1986) Structural and functional analysis of a cloned delta endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis berliner 1715. Eur. J. Biochem. 161: 273–280 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Höss S, Arndt M, Baumgarte S, Tebbe CC, Nguyen TH, Jehle JA (2007) Effect of transgenic corn and Cry1Ab protein on the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans. Ecotox. Environ. Saf. 70: 334–340 [Google Scholar]
  • Huang F, Higgins RA, Buschman LL (1997) Baseline susceptibility to Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki under selection pressure in European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 90: 1137–1143 [Google Scholar]
  • Laemmli UK (1970) Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680–685 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Marçon PCRG, Young LG, Steffey KL, Siegfried BD (1999) Baseline susceptibility of European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) to Bacillus thuringiensis proteins. J. Econ. Entomol. 92: 279–285 [Google Scholar]
  • Marçon PCRG, Siegfried BD, Spencer T, Hutchison WD (2000) Development of diagnostic concentrations for monitoring Bacillus thuringiensis resistance in European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). J. Econ. Entomol. 93: 925–930 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Martens JWM, Visser B, Vlak JM, Bosch D (1995) Mapping and characterisation of the entomocidal domain of the Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab protoxin. Mol. Gen. Genet. 247: 482–487 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Meise T, Langenbruch GA (2007) Susceptibility of German populations of the Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) to a Bacillus thuringiensis endoprotein. Nachrichtenbl. Deut. Pflanzenschutzd. 59: 297–301 [Google Scholar]
  • Nguyen TH, Meise T, Langenbruch GA, Jehle JA (2004) Production of Cry1Ab toxin in E. coli for standardisation of insect bioassays. WRPS/IOBC Bulletin 27: 125–130 [Google Scholar]
  • Roush RT, Miller GL (1986) Considerations for design of insecticide resistance monitoring programs. J. Econ. Entomol. 79: 293–298 [Google Scholar]
  • Saeglitz C, Bartsch D, Eber S, Gathmann A, Priesnitz KU, Schuphan I (2006) Monitoring the Cry1Ab susceptibility of European corn borer in Germany. J. Econ. Entomol. 99: 1768–1773 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Siegfried BD, Marçon PCRG, Witkowski JF, Wright RJ, Warren GW (1995) Susceptibility of field populations of the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), to the microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner. J. Agri. Entomol. 12: 257–263 [Google Scholar]
  • Smith RW (1997) Visual hypothesis testing with confidence intervals. In Proceedings of the Twenty-Second Annual SAS® Users Group International Conference, Cary NC ed, SAS Institute, pp 1252–1257. http://www2.sas.com/proceedings/sugi22/STATS/PAPER270.PDF [Google Scholar]
  • Tabashnik BE, Gassmann AJ, Crowder DW, Carrière Y (2008) Insect resistance to Bt crops: evidence versus theory. Nat. Biotech. 26: 199–202 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • Unkelbach HD, Wolf T (1985) Qualitative Dosis-Wirkungsanalyse. Gustav Fischer Verlag Stuttgart, p 45, 106 [Google Scholar]