Free Access
Issue |
Environ. Biosafety Res.
Volume 5, Number 2, April-June 2006
|
|
---|---|---|
Page(s) | 57 - 65 | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/ebr:2006018 | |
Published online | 01 March 2007 |
- Andow D and Zwahlen C (2006) Assessing environmental risks of transgenic plants. Ecol. Lett. 9: 196–214 [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Barret KL, Grandy N, Harrison EG, Hassan S, Oomen P (1994) Guidance document on regulatory testing procedures for pesticides with non-target arthropods. Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) – Europe. From the European Standard Characteristics of Beneficials Regulatory Testing (ESCORT I) Workshop, March 1994 [Google Scholar]
- BSP (2000) Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity. http://www.biodiv.org/biosafety/protocol.asp [Google Scholar]
- Calow P (1998) Handbook of Environmental Risk Assessment and Management. In Calow P, ed, Blackwell Science, Oxford, UK [Google Scholar]
- Candolfi M, Barret KL, Campbell PJ, Forster N, Grandy N, Huet MC, Lewis G, Oomen PA, Schmuck R, Vogt H (2000) Guidance document on regulatory testing and risk assessment procedures for plant protection products with non-target arthropods. From the European standard characteristics of non-target arthropod regulatory testing (ESCORT II) Workshop, March 2000 [Google Scholar]
- Commission Decision 2002/623/EC of 24 July 2002 establishing guidance notes supplementing Annex II to Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities L 200/22–33 (30.7.2002) [Google Scholar]
- Council Decision 2002/811/EC of 3 October 2002 establishing guidance notes supplementing Annex VII to Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC. Official Journal of the European Communities L 280/27–36 (18.10.2002) [Google Scholar]
- Directive 2001/18/EC of 12 March 2001 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms and repealing Council Directive 90/220/EC. Official Journal of the European Communities L 106/1–38 (17.4.2001) [Google Scholar]
- Dutton A, Romeis J, Bigler F (2003) Assessing the risks of insect resistant transgenic plants on entomophagous arthropods: Bt maize expressing Cry1Ab as a case study. BioControl 48: 611–636 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar]
- EC (2000) Report of the Scientific Steering Committee’s Working Group on Harmonisation of Risk Assessment Procedures in the Scientific Committees advising the European Commission in the area of human and environmental health – 26–27 October 2000. http://europa.eu.int/comm/food/fs/sc/ssc/out83_en.pdf [Google Scholar]
- EFSA (2004) Guidance document of the Scientific Panel on Genetically Modified Organisms for the risk assessment of genetically modified plants and derived food and feed. The EFSA Journal 99: 1–94 [Google Scholar]
- Marvier M (2002) Improving risk assessment for non-target safety of transgenic crops. Ecol. Applications 12: 1119– 1124 [Google Scholar]
- Newman NC (1998) In Fundamentals of Ecotoxicology. Ann Arbor Press, Chelsea, MI [Google Scholar]
- Nickson T, McKee M (2002) Ecological assessment of crops derived through biotechnology. In Biotechnology and Safety Assessment, 3rd edition, Thomas J.A. and Fuchs R.L., eds, Academic Press, Amsterdam, pp 233–252 [Google Scholar]
- OECD (1993a) Safety considerations for biotechnology: scale-up of crop plants. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/26/26/1958527.pdf ?channelId=34537&homeChannelId=33703&fileTitle=Safety+Considerations+for+Biotechnology+Scale-up+of+Crop+Plants [Google Scholar]
- OECD (1993b) Safety evaluation of foods derived by modern biotechnology: concept and principles. http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/57/3/1946129.pdf ?channelId=34537& homeChannelId=33703&fileTitle=Safety+Evaluation+of+Foods+Derived+by+Modern+Biotechnology+-+Concepts+and+Principles [Google Scholar]
- Regulation (EC) 1829/2003 of the European Parliament and the Council of 22 September 2003 on genetically modified food and feed. Official Journal of the European Communities L 268/1–23 (18.10.2003) [Google Scholar]
- Rose RI (2006) Tier-based testing for potential effects of proteinaceous insecticidal plant-incorporated protectants on non-target arthropods in the context of regulatory risk assessments. IOBC WPRS Bulletin 29: 145–152 [Google Scholar]
- Schuler T, Poppy GM, Denholm I (2000) Recommendations for assessing effects of GM crops on non-target organisms. British Crop Protection Council Conference: Pest and Diseases 3: 1221–1228 [Google Scholar]
- US EPA (1998) Guidelines for Ecological Risk Assessment. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC, 175 pp. http://oaspub.epa.gov/eims/eimsapi.dispdetail?deid=12460 [Google Scholar]
- US EPA (1999) Draft ECOFRAM Aquatic Report. P. Hendley and J. Giddings, eds. http://www.epa.gov/oppefed1/ecorisk/aquareport.pdf [Google Scholar]
- US EPA (2001) Biopesticides Registration Action Document – Bacillus thuringiensis Plant Incorporated Protectants. http://www.epa.gov/oppbppd1/biopesticides/pips/bt_brad.htm [Google Scholar]
- Van Leuven CJ (1996) In Risk Assessment of Chemicals: An Introduction [Google Scholar]
- WHO/FAO (2000) Safety aspects of genetically modified foods of plant origin. Report of a joint FAO/WHO expert consultation on foods derived from biotechnology, 29. http://www.fao.org/es/ESN/food/pdf/gmreport.pdf [Google Scholar]
- Wilkinson MJ, Sweet JB, Poppy G (2003) Preventing the regulatory log jam; the tiered approach to risk assessments. Trends Plant Sci. 8: 208–212 [Google Scholar]