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Environ. Biosafety Res. 8 (2009) 87-99
DOI: 10.1051/ebr/2009012
Evaluation of pollen dispersal and cross pollination using transgenic grapevine plants
Margit Harst, Beatrix-Axinja Cobanov, Ludger Hausmann, Rudolf Eibach and Reinhard TöpferJulius Kühn-Institute (JKI), Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, 76833 Siebeldingen, Germany
Received July 4, 2008; Accepted March 9, 2009; published online 22 October 2009
Abstract - Public debate about the possible risk of genetically modified plants often concerns putative effects of pollen dispersal and out-crossing into conventional fields in the neighborhood of transgenic plants. Though Vitis vinifera (grapevine) is generally considered to be self-pollinating, it cannot be excluded that vertical gene transfer might occur. For monitoring pollen flow and out-crossing events, transgenic plants of Vitis vinifera cv. `Dornfelder' harboring the gus-int gene were planted in the center of a field experiment in Southwest Germany in 1999. The rate of pollen dispersal was determined by pollen traps placed at radial distances of 5–150 m from the pollen-donor plants, at 1.00 and 1.80 m above ground. Transgenic pollen was evaluated by GUS staining, and could clearly be distinguished from pollen originating from non-transgenic grapevine plants. Transgenic pollen was observed up to 150 m from the pollen donors. The rate of out-crossing was determined by sampling seeds of selected grapevines at a distance of 10 m to the pollen source, and of a sector at 20 m distance, respectively, followed by GUS analysis of seedlings. The average cross-pollination rate during the experiment (2002–2004) was 2.7% at a distance of 20 m. The results of this first pilot study present a good base for further assessment under the conditions of normal viticulture practice.
Key words: cross pollination / field release / genetically modified plants / grapevine / pollen dispersal / Vitis vinifera
Corresponding author: margit.harst@jki.bund.de
© ISBR, EDP Sciences 2009
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